Friday 29 January 2016

#ba G+ #lw;frpWfijfspy;
tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs;
k. fz;zd;
Kidtu; gl;l Ma;thsu;
jkpopay;Jiw
ghujpjhrd; gy;fiyf;fofk;
                                                  jpUr;rp 24
Kd;Diu
2010Mk; Mz;bw;fhd rhfpj;a mfhlkp tpUjpid ehQ;rpy; ehldpd; #ba g+ #lw;f vDk; rpWfijj; njhFg;G ngw;wJ.  jhk; re;jpj;j kf;fspd; gpur;ridfis eLtzhff; nfhz;L ,r;rpWfijj; njhFg;gpidg; gilj;Js;shu;. r%fj;jpy; gpd;jq;fpa epiyapy; cs;s tpspk;Gepiy kf;fspd; tho;f;ifKiwiar; #ba G+ #lw;f vDk; rpWfijj; njhFg;G ciuf;fpd;wJ. mk;kf;fspd; tho;f;ifr; #oiy Muha;tjhf ,f;fl;Liu mike;Js;sJ.
tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs;
tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs; vd;Nghu; rKjhaj;jhy; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;l> xLf;fg;gl;l> jho;epiy kf;fNs Mtu;.  rKjha mLf;fpy; fPo;epiyapy; - tpspk;gpy; - Xuj;jpy; ,Ug;gtu;fisNa> mjhtJ rhjp> rkak;> ghy; - ,dk; vd;w vy;yhj; jsq;fspYk; xLf;fg;gl;l Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;l jho;epiyf;Fj; js;sg;gl;l kf;fs;> Njtjhrpfs;> ghypay; njhopyhspfs;> muthzpfs;> njhONehahspfs;> mdhijfs;> Mjutw;wtu;fs;> khw;Wj; jpwdhspfs; Kjyhdtu;fNs tpspk;Gepiy kdpju;fshtu; (cq;fs; E}yfk;-Mf];l; 2015;> gf;.91-92)vd;W tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs; ahtu; vd;gjw;Ff;nfhq;F tuyhw;W Mtzq;fspy; tpspk;Gepiy kdpju;fs;vDk; fl;Liuapy; tpsf;fk; mspf;fpwhu; e. kzpfz;ld;. ,f;fUj;jpid M. moFnry;tk; vd;ghUk;> ngz;fs;> jypj;Jfs;> jpUeq;iffs;> vd;wptu;fNshL tptrhapfs;> Kjpatu;fs;> Foe;ijfs; KjypNahUk; tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs; jpuSf;Fs; Nru;f;fg;gl;Ls;sdu;(GidfijfSk; Gidtpd; ntspfSk;> g.3) vd;W ciuf;fpwhu;.
md;whl cztpw;Fg; ngUk; ciog;gpidf; nfhLg;gtu;fs; tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs;. njhopy; nra;fpd;wNghJ Vw;gLfpd;w ,lu;g;ghLfs; mtu;fsJ kdepiyiar; rpijf;fpd;wd. tpspk;Gepiy kf;fs; tho;f;ifapy; Mirfs;> fdTfs; Nghd;wit fhdy;ePuha;; mikfpd;wd.
#ba G+ #lw;f vDk; rpWfij njhFg;gpy; tpspk;Gepiy kf;fshf muR mYtyff; filepiy Copau;> fhty; gzpGupAk; $u;f;fh> gpr;ir vLj;Jg; gpioj;JtUk; khw;Wj;jpwdhsp> Mjutw;w Kjpatu;> ghypay; njhopyhsp> iyd; tPLfspy; trpg;Nghu;> ,uapy; gazk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; gpw khepy mbj;jl;L kf;fs; Nghd;Nwhu;fs; Rl;lg;gLfpd;wdu;. mtu;fs; re;jpf;Fk; gpur;ridfisf; fijapd;fUthf mikj;J mtu;fsJ tho;f;ifr;#oiy vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;whu; ehQ;rpy; ehld;.
filepiy Copau;
     mYtyfg; gzpfs; KiwikNahL nray;gLtjw;F cWJizahf epd;W rpwg;Gw miktjw;Ff; fhuzkhff; filepiy Copau;fs; cs;sdu;. mtu;fspd; %yNk md;whlj; Njitfs; mYtyu;fSf;F epiwtilfpd;wd. mYtyu;fisf; fhl;bYk; ,tu;fNs kpFjpahd Neuk; gzpiar; nra;fpd;wdu;. mYtyfj;ijj; jpwg;gJ Kjy; khiyapy; fjtilg;gJ tiu gzp mikfpwJ. mtu;fspd; nray;ghl;ilAiug;gjhf muR mYtyfj;jpy; gzpGupAk; G+kpehjd; vDk; filepiy Copau; xUtupd; tho;f;ifr; #oiyr; #ba G+ #lw;f vDk; rpWfij fhl;LfpwJ. ,jid
muR tpohf;nfhz;lhl;lj;jd;W nfhbNaw;wy; fhiy gj;J kzpf;Fj;jhd; vd;whYk; rpy xOq;Ffs; nra;tjw;F VO kzpf;Nf G+kpehjd; Gwg;gl;Ltpl;lhu;. M.3 ,sepiy vOj;ju; vl;L kzpf;Fs; tUtjhfr; nrhy;yp ,Ue;jhu;. mjpfhup xd;gNj Kf;fhYf;F tUtjhf ,Ue;jhu;.        (g.94)
vd;gjhy; mwpaKbfpd;wJ. ifA+l;Lg; ngWgtuhfg; G+kpehjd; ,Uf;fpd;whu;. ifA+l;Lg; ngWtJ kPd; gpbj;jYf;F cUtfg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. kPdpd; ngupa Jz;Lfs; cau; mjpfhupfSf;Fk; vYk;G> jiy Nghd;w vQ;rpa gFjpahd rpd;dQ;rpwpa msT filepiy CopaUf;Fk; fpilf;Fk; vd;gijr; Rl;LfpwJ. cau; mYtyu;fs; ngha;ahd fzf;FfisnaOjp gzkPl;LtijAk; Rl;Lfpd;wJ. fbd ciog;ghspahf ,Ue;J njhopyhsu;fSf;fhf cioj;j jpahfprpiyf;Fupa kupahij nrYj;jNtz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhf khiyapl Kay;fpd;whu; G+kpehjd;. Ml;rpkd;w cWg;gpdu; Vw;wpa nfhbiaf; filepiy Copau; ,wf;fptplyhk;. nfhb Vw;wj;Jf;Fj;jhd; tpoh; nfhb ,wf;fj;jpd;NghJ ,y;iy(g.93) vd;gjd; %yk; filepiy Copaupd; gzp nghUl;gLj;jg; glhikia czu;j;Jfpwhu; ehQ;rpy; ehld;.
     filepiy Copauhd G+kpehjd; fbd ciog;Gilatu;; #oypd; ,ay;ghy; ifA+l;Lk; ngWgtu;; gzpTkpf;ftu; elg;gpa khe;juhff; fhl;lg;gLfpwhu;.
fhtyhsp
     tPL> mYtyfq;fisg; ghJfhf;Fk; gzpiar; nra;gtu;fs; fhtyhspfs;. ,tu;fspy;; Neghspau; my;yJ jpngj;jpau; Nghd;NwhNu kpFjpahf ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. tPuk;> fk;gPukhd Njhw;wk;> Ff;up vDk; tisthd fj;jp> my;Yk;gfYk; ghuhj ciof;Fk; Fzk; Nghd;wtw;iwj; jk;trk; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,tu;fs; FLk;gj;ijf; fhty; gzpapdhy; gpupe;J thOk; mtykhd epiyapy; cs;sdu;. ,j;jd;ikfisf; nfhz;l jd;uhk;rpq; vd;ghiug; gw;wp ciug;gjhfj; jd;uhk;rpq; vDk; rpWfij mike;Js;sJ. Kk;igapy; cs;s mYtyfk; xd;wpy; fhtyuhfg; gzpahw;Wfpwhu; jd;uhk;rpq;. mtiuf; fhZifapy; tPuj;Njhw;wj;Jld; ,d;wp mg;ghtpj;jdkhd Kfj;Jld; ,Ug;gij> cd; Mjutpy; vd; tho;f;if vd;gJ Nghy(g.88) vd;Wiug;gjdhy; mwpaKbfpd;wJ. jd;uhk;rpq; vspikahd czTfis cz;L xU rpwpa ,lj;jpy; cwq;fp my;Yk;gfYk; ghuhJ ciof;Fk; $u;f;fhthfapUg;gijr; rpWfij Rl;Lfpd;wJ. neLe;njhiytpy; cs;s jk;FLk;gj;ijg; gpupe;J thLk; jd;uhk;rpq;fpd; tho;f;if vj;jifaJ vd;gij>
epu;thfk; fhUz;a mbg;gilapy; $u;f;fhTf;F khj;jpuk; ,uz;L Mz;Lf;F xUKiw vy;yhtpLg;GfisAk; Nru;j;J nkhj;jkhf toq;Fk;. CUf;Fg; NghFk;NghJ jw;fhypf khw;W Vw;ghL nra;Jtpl;Lg; Nghthd;. Nghftu ghjpyPT Ngha;tpLk;. <uhz;Lf;F xUKiw xUkhjk; jhk;gj;ak;. (g.85)
vDk; tupfshy; mwpaKbfpd;wJ. $u;f;fh gzp nra;gtu;fs; jq;fs; FLk;gj;jpy; Vw;gLk; gpwg;G> ,wg;G Nghd;w epfo;Tfspy; fye;Jnfhs;sKbahj epiyapy; cs;sdu;. ,wg;G epfo;T eilngWk;NghJ mtu;fs; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; Kiwiag; gw;wp>
kuepoy; ghu;j;J> tl;lkha; cl;fhu;e;J> fz;fs; fyq;f epidTfisf; $witj;J> rlq;Ffs; nra;J> jP tsu;j;J> mjpy; jfty; te;j fbjj;ij ciwAld; Nru;j;J vupj;J> gpd;G neUg;ig Mw;wp> rhk;giyf; nfhz;LNgha; mugpf;flypy; fiuj;J> nkhl;il mbj;J> rKj;jpuj;jpy; Fspj;J> mtutu; epidT Rke;J gpupe;J Nghthu;fs; (gf;.87-88)
vd;gjhy; czuKbfpwJ. Neupy; nrd;W rlq;Ffis Nkw;nfhs;sKbahj epiyapy; nra;jp te;j kliy vupj;Jr; rhk;giyf; flypy; fiug;gJ tpj;jpahrkhd xd;whfj; Njhd;WfpwJ. xU gFjpapy; thOk; $u;f;fhf;fs; midtUk; xd;wpize;J jq;fspd; ,d;gJd;gq;fisg; gfpu;e;J nfhs;fpd;wdu;. $u;f;fhf;fspd; tho;thdJ gpupT> Vf;fk;> Jd;gk;> epidTfs;> fbd ciog;G> vspa czT Nghd;wtw;wpidf; nfhz;ljhf mike;Js;sJ vd;gJ GydhfpwJ.
khw;Wj;jpwdhsp
clYWg;Gfspy; xd;W Fiwgl;L ,ay;ghd tho;it tho Kbahjtu;fis khw;Wj; jpwdhspfs; vd;gu;. ,tu;fspd; cly; Fiwgl;lhYk; cs;sk; Fd;Wtjpy;iy. Mdhy;> ,tu;fisf; fz;L vs;speifahLk; kf;fs; ,Uf;fj;jhd; nra;fpwhu;fs;. rpWnjhopy; my;yJ FWe;njhopy; VNjDk; xd;W nra;Njh> gpr;ir vLj;Njh jq;fspd; tho;f;ifia elj;Jfpd;wdu;. mt;thW gpr;ir vLj;J tho;it efu;j;Jk;  khw;Wj;jpwdhsp xUtiug; gw;wp ciug;gjhff; flTspd; fhy; vDk; rpWfij mike;Js;sJ. xU fhy;> xU if ,oe;j khw;Wj;jpwdhsp xUtu; ,uapypy; gpr;ir vLf;Fk; epiyia>
xU fhy; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; kWfhy; jpuhzpahf ,Ue;jJ. tyJ if tYthf ,Ue;jJ. eyj;Jld; ,Ue;jJ cly;. taJk; ,Ue;jJ. VJk; rpWnjhopy;> FW tpahghuk; nra;ahky; ahrfj;ij Vd; Nju;e;jhd; vd;W njupatpy;iy. fl;r; gFjpapd; ghl;lhsp Kfj;jpd; rhaypy; nfsutk; ,Ue;jJ”                                                                                              (g.49)
vd;gjhy; mwpaKbfpwJ. cly; eyj;JlDk; taJ ,Ue;Jk; Vd; gpr;irnaLj;jiyj; Nju;e;njLj;jhu; vd tpdTk; epiyiaAk;; rKjhaj;jpd; kPJ Nfhgk; nfhz;ltuhfTk; khw;Wj;jpwdhsp ,Ug;gijf; fhzKbfpd;wJ. mtupd; Mjq;fj;ij> vd; fhY Nghdhy; NghFJ rhg; flTSf;F fhiy ntl;lh ,Uf;fZk;…” Vioapd; rpupg;Ng ,iwtd; rpupg;ngdpy; Vioapd; fhy;fSk; ,iwtdpd; fhy;fs;jhk;. (g. 51) vDk; $w;wpdhy; czuKbfpwJ. ,f;fij Vioapd; rpupg;gpy; ,iwtidf; fhzyhk; vDk; NguwpQu; mz;zh mtu;fspd; nrhy;iy epidT$u;tjhf cs;sJ. ,Ug;gpDk; gy ,d;dy;fspd; jhf;Fjypdhy; Viofs; tho;tjw;Fj;jhd; top ,Ug;gjpy;iy. nkhz;b vDk; tirnrhy;yhy; miof;fg;gLtij> MU nkhz;b KUNfrh? ,q;fpd tuf; fhzNk (,uh. eluhrd; rpWfijfs;> g.122) vd;gjhy; mwpaKbfpd;wJ. fbdkhd Nghuhl;lj;jpd; %ykhfj;jhd; khw;Wj;jpwdhspfs; tho;it fopf;fpd;wdu; vd;gJ ,r;rpWfijapd; topNa Gydhfpd;wJ.
Mutw;w KjpNahu;
jk; FLk;gj;ij tsikAilajhf khw;wpatu;fs; KJikailAk;NghJ Mjutw;w epiyapy; cs;sdu;. ngw;w kf;fshy; Gwfzpf;fg;gl;L capu; tho;tjw;Fg; ngupJk; Jd;gLgtu;fs; VuhskhNdhu; cz;L. gyu; mtu;fsJ tPl;bNy mbikNghd;W elj;jg;gLtijAk; fhzKbfpd;;wJ. Mjutw;w epiyapy; cs;s xUtu; vq;NfAk; nrd;W jdJ tho;thjhuj;ij elj;JtijAk; fhzKbfpd;wJ. ehj;Nuapd; Cu; gQ;rj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ mtuJ kfd;> kUkfs;> Ngud; Nghd;Nwhu; jw;nfhiy nra;Jnfhz;ljhy; Mjutw;w epiyf;Fs;shfpwhu;. jdpj;Jtplg;gl;L tho;tjw;Fg; NghuhLk; ehj;Nu vd;ghupd;  cztpw;fhd Njlypid ahk; cz;Ngk; vDk; rpWfij ciuf;fpd;wJ.
gpLq;fhj Fiwahff; ifapypUe;J thq;fpa nghl;lyj;Jld; vjpu; ,Uf;ifapy; cl;fhu;e;J> fhy;Jz;L nuhl;bapy; fhy;Jz;il thapy; Nghl;l nky;yyhdhu; ehj;Nu. ckpo;ePu; euk;Gfs; ntl;b ,Oj;Jr; Rue;jjd; typapy; rw;Wf; NfhzpaJ tha;. Rue;;j fz;fs; tbe;jthW ,Ue;jd. Afq;fsha;j; njhlu;e;j kdpj Fyj;jpy;d grpapd; tbtkha; ehj;Nu fhukhd gr;ir kpsfhiaf; fuf;nfdf; fbj;jhu;.                            (g.36)
vd;gjhy; grpapd; nfhLik ehj;Nuaplk; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. ghGuhtpkplUe;j czitg; ngWtjw;F vdf;F czT Ntz;Lk; vd;W Raeyj;Jld; $whJ ahk; cz;Ngk; vd;W $Wfpwhu;. ,jd; jd;ikiaf; nfhz;L Mrpupau; fijapd; jiyg;ghf ahk; cz;Ngk; vdg; ngau; #bapUg;gJ nghUj;jkhdjhFk;.
     Mjutw;w epiyapy; cs;Nshu; md;Gf;Fk; cztpw;Fk; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;Fk; Vq;Fgtu;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdu; vd;gij ,ak;GfpwJ ,f;fij. khw;Wj;Jzpf;Fk; topapy;yhJ xd;iwNa Jitj;J mzpe;Jnfhs;Sk; mtyepiyia ,J Rl;Lfpd;wJ.
ghypay; njhopyhsp
ngz;fs; tWikapd; fhuzkhfNth #o;epiyapd; fhuzkhfNth ghypay; njhopiy Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fSf;nfd r%fj;jpy; cupa kupahij fpilg;gjpy;iy. vq;F nrd;whYk; mtkhdk; kl;LNk kPjkhfpd;wJ. ghypay; njhopyhspfs; gw;wp ts;Stu;
nghUl;ngz;bu; ngha;k;ik Kaf;fk; ,Ul;liwapy;
Vjpy; gpze;joP, aw;W.                               (Fws;. 913)

vd;W mtu;fs; gzk; ngWk; Kiwiag; gpzj;ijj; jOtp ngWk; nghUs; Nghd;W cs;snjd ctikahf;Ffpwhu;. ,tu;fis ehQ;rpy; ehld; jk; rpWfijapy; ctikahfg; gad;gLj;Jfpwhu;. gQ;rk; Vw;gl;L Cupy; tWik NkNyhq;Fk;epiyia ahk; cz;Ngk; vDk; rpWfij ciuf;fpd;wJ. tWikepiyia czu;j;j Mrpupau;
tajhd jhrpnahUj;jp ,uz;L &gha;f;Ff;$l tpiyNghfhj jdJ twz;l kapule;j Nahdp fhl;b kaq;fpf; fple;jhs;. kaq;fp fple;jhNsh> kupj;Jj;jhd; fple;jhNsh?                                   (g.31)
vDk; tupfshy; tpw;gjw;F VJkw;w ghypay; njhopyhspiar; Rl;Lfpwhu;.
ghypay; njhopyhsp milAk; Jd;gj;ij> vUikq;fNshl gLj;Jf; fhak;gl;L kpjpgl;L nuz;L &gha; rk;ghjpupr;rpUf;NwNd vq;f\;lk; njupAkh cdf;F? eha; khjpup fbr;rpg;Gl;L fzf;F nrhy;wtDk;> kh%y; juhl;b rpfnul;Ly RLw NghyPRfSk; njupAkh cdf;F(,uh. eluhrd; rpWfijfs;> g.165) vd;W nuz;L &gha; jPu;wtiuf;Fk; vd;Dk; Map\h eluhrd; rpWfijAk; fhl;LfpwJ.
neba Jd;gq;fspd; ,ilNa tho;tpidf; flj;Jgtu;fshf ghypay; njhopyhspfs; ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fspd; clypdhYk; cs;sj;jpdhYk; kpfTk; fhak;gl;ltu;fshf cs;sdu; vd;gJ Gydhfpd;wJ.
NkYk;> iyd; tPLfs; vDk; mLf;Fkhb FbapUg;Gfspy; Nghjpa trjpfspd;wp gy neUf;fbfSf;F kj;jpapy; jq;fs; tho;it efu;j;Jtu;fisf; nfhq;FNju; tho;f;if vDk; rpWfij Rl;Lfpd;wJ. gpw khepyj;jtu;fs; ,uapypy; jkpofk; tUk;NghJ gLk; ,d;dy;fisg; gw;wp vypfs; tiyfSf;fhdit vDk; rpWfij ,ak;Gfpd;wJ.
KbTfs;
·         filepiy Copau;fs; nghUshjhuj;jpy; gpd;jq;fpa epiyapy; ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. fbd ciog;ig mspg;gtu;fshf ,Ue;Jk;; Fiwthd Cjpaj;ij ngWtjdhy; ifA+l;Lg; ngWfpd;wdu;. ,e;epiy khWjy; Ntz;Lk;.
·         gpw khepyk;> gpw ehLfspypUe;J tUk; mbj;jl;L kf;fs; czT> cil> ciwtplk; Nghd;wtw;iwg; Nghjpa msT ngwhkYk;> Fiwthd Cjpak; ngw;Wk;> jq;fs; FLk;gj;ijg; gpupe;Jk; fhtyhspahf thoNtz;ba #oypy; ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. mtu;fSf;fhd cjtpfs; fpilj;jpl Ntz;Lk;.
·         khw;Wj;jpwdhspfs; gyUk; ,ue;J thOk; epiyapy; ,Uf;fpd;w #oy; khwp midj;J trjpfisAk; ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;.

·         Mjutw;w epiyapy; cs;s KjpNahu;fs;> ghypay; njhopy; nra;gtu;fs; Nghd;Nwhiuf; fz;nlLj;J mtu;fspd; tho;thjhuj;ijg; Ngz Ntz;Lk;.